Melasma is a relatively common skin problem in which pigmentation spots form that are sometimes significantly darker than the skin tone. The discolorations, which mainly occur in women, mostly appear on the face. Although melasma is not a disease and therefore absolutely harmless, it is perceived as a visual blemish by many of those affected. However, burying your head in the sand is not an option, as there are a number of things you can do about it.
We'll tell you more.
Causes and frequency
For a long time, melasma (often called melasma in German) was referred to as a pregnancy mask because this skin problem often occurs in pregnant women, but then disappears again after pregnancy. In general, around 90 % of women are affected, with the risk of developing melasma increasing significantly with a darker skin tone.
In addition to genetic factors, a hormonal imbalance is thought to be the primary cause of melasma. Taking the contraceptive pill is therefore just as much a risk factor as stress or some hormonal disorders (e.g. thyroid dysfunction).
UV rays can also promote the formation of melasma.
Diagnosis
Dark spots and discoloration on the face, which usually appear symmetrically on both cheeks and sometimes also on the forehead, nose and chin, indicate melasma. Other areas of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun can also show such pigment spots. They do not cause any pain and are completely harmless to health. If you are not sure, a visual examination by a dermatologist can differentiate melasma from other skin problems and diseases.
What to do about melasma?
As melasma is not a disease, no treatment is prescribed by a doctor. However, the dark spots on the face can be quite self-conscious, which is why most affected women are looking for effective measures to alleviate them.
First of all, it is important to avoid direct sunlight as much as possible, as this does not stimulate pigmentation. Adequate sun protection with at least sun protection factor 30 is therefore a must. Nowadays, however, there are a number of treatments that guarantee a significant improvement in melasma:
- Chemical peeling or dermabrasion/microdermabrasion: These cosmetic treatments remove the top layer of skin. This can lead to a temporary improvement, but must be repeated at regular intervals.
We also recommend paying attention to the following ingredients in your daily skincare routine: Retinol(HYPER G[L]O Serum), Niacinamide, Bisabolol ([CUP]U RAW) Acetyl Glucosamine(HIGHKEY RESET Mask), Alpha Hydroxy Acids ([W]ASH AWAY Cleanser). They can all help to gradually remove the hyperpigmented layer and reveal a more even complexion.
Laser treatment can also provide relief. However, the treatment should be carried out by an experienced doctor.
Taking the pill should be reconsidered in consultation with your doctor if it exacerbates the problem. However, the most important aspect in alleviating melasma is definitely skincare, as Unrefined Riches founder Adelaide Wolters knows. "I suffer from melasma myself. This prompted me to research and ultimately develop my own skincare products," says Wolters. The aim was and still is to develop a skincare range for different skin types and skin colors that provides relief for skin blemishes and hyperpigmentation, among other things.